Two Methods Of Air Conditioning Heating For Electric Vehicles (heat Pump Heating And PTC Heating)

Two Methods of Air Conditioning Heating for Electric Vehicles (Heat Pump Heating and PTC Heating)

At present, the air conditioning heating methods of electric vehicles can be mainly divided into two types: heat pump heating and PTC heating. Although both heat pump and PTC can achieve heating, there are big differences between them.

Heat Pump Air Conditioner

On the basis of an ordinary air conditioner, installing a four-way reversing valve and changing the operation of the valve can interchange the functions of the evaporator and condenser of the original air conditioner, thereby changing the function of cooling indoor air to heating indoor air. function.

We call this air conditioner that can extract heat from the lower outdoor air to heat the indoor air in winter and remove the heat from the indoor air in summer and transfer it to the outdoors as a heat pump air conditioner.

Heat pump air conditioners mainly include: indoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger, compressor, capillary tube, gas-liquid separator, four-way valve and other components.

PTC Heating Element

PTC heating element, also called PTC Heater, is the abbreviation of Positive Temperature Coefficient in English. It is composed of PTC ceramic heating element and aluminum tube. This type of PTC heating element has the advantages of small thermal resistance and high heat exchange efficiency. It is an automatic constant temperature, Energy-saving electric heater.

PTC heating element products use U-shaped corrugated heat sinks to improve their heat dissipation rate, and combine the advantages of adhesive and mechanical methods, and fully consider the various thermal and electrical phenomena of PTC heating parts during operation. It has strong power, excellent thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance, high efficiency, safety and reliability.

One of its outstanding features lies in its safety performance. That is, when the fan fails and stops, the power of the PTC heater will automatically drop sharply because it cannot fully dissipate heat. At this time, the surface temperature of the heater is maintained at around the Curie temperature ( Generally around 250℃), so as to avoid the "redness" phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tube heaters.

PTC is mainly used in air conditioners, hot air curtains, dehumidifiers, dryers, clothes dryers, heaters, bathroom heaters, cars and other equipment that need to provide warm air.

The difference between them is that they have different principles, different energy consumption, and different costs.

The working principle of a heat pump is to transfer heat from a low-temperature place to a low-temperature place, which can both heat and cool. The heat pump heats by absorbing the heat from the air outside the car and using a compressor to transport it to the cabin.

PTC refers to a positive temperature coefficient thermistor electric heater, which produces heat through the thermal effect of resistance and is itself the heat source.

Since PTC uses its own heat to generate heat, the power consumption is much higher than that of a heat pump that only needs to start the compressor, and it has a greater impact on the driving range of electric vehicles. The efficiency coefficient of the heat pump is 2- higher than that of PTC heating. 3 times, which can effectively extend the cruising range by more than 20%.

In other words, the heat pump heating energy consumption is lower, the effect is better, and the temperature rises faster.

Since heat pumps can achieve both hot and cold uses, they are more complex in structure and relatively difficult in technology, so the cost is relatively high.