A Weld Nut is a nut with a protruding "pilot" shape that is welded into place.
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There are several types of Weld Nuts, each with a different number of corners and shape, so it is important to select the right one for the application.
Weld Nuts are mainly used in products made of multiple thin metal sheets such as home appliances, 2-wheelers, 4-wheelers, and parts for golf clubs. When securing bolt fastening torque, at least 5 pitches are required between the bolt and nut threads to prevent loosening.
Since 1.5 mm threads are generally used per pitch, the thickness of the metal plate must be at least 7.5 mm to set the taps for bolt fastening on the metal plate. Therefore, since taps cannot be cut on metal sheets thinner than 7 mm, Weld Nuts are used to secure the threads and provide a connection point for bolt fastening on the thin sheet.
In addition, when using Weld Nuts, metal plates are not welded to each other, so they can be easily removed and attached, and many Weld Nuts are used for structures with large sizes.
Weld Nuts are held in place by a welding pilot, which is a welding projection provided on the nut that is welded to the base metal. This pilot is the most distinctive feature of the Weld Nut and plays an important role.
The pilot is a protruding shape designed to reduce the contact area with the base metal and to facilitate pinpoint temperature rise only in the pilot area during welding. The shape of the pilot also serves to position the nut.
Some types of Weld Nuts do not have a pilot, and are generally joined to the base metal by projection welding if they have a pilot, or by arc welding if they do not.
There are three main types of Weld Nut:
Hexagonal weld nuts are hexagonal in shape, with three protrusions in each of the six corners as pilots for welding to the metal plate. The advantage of the hexagonal type is that welding work is easy to perform because there are few welding points. On the other hand, the disadvantage is that the strength of the joint is inferior to other types because the joint with the metal plate is limited to three points.
The square type is square in shape and the pilot is set at all four corners, so all four points are welded to the metal plate. The four welding points provide a stronger joint than the hexagonal type, which has three welding points, and thus higher torque can be applied. The square type is most commonly used in automobiles.
The T-shape is flanged at the nut, which allows for a larger welding area and thus a stronger joint. On the other hand, its disadvantage is that the welding time is longer than that of other nuts.
By welding Weld Nut, the pilot that the nut has and the base material are welded together and secured. Since they are joined by welding, the joint is highly stable and strong.
Weld Nuts are mainly used when the base metal plate is too thin to allow tapping for bolts. For example, when the thickness of an automobile body shell is only 1 to 2 mm, the metal plate is too thin to secure threads even if tapping for bolts is performed.
Bolts and nuts are hardware fasteners commonly used in construction, manufacturing, automotive, and various other industries. They are used to join two or more components together securely.
Bolts typically consist of a threaded shaft with a head at one end. The head may be hexagonal, square, or another shape, designed for a specific tool like a wrench or a socket. The threaded portion extends from the head to the tip.
On the other hand, nuts are a small metal block with a threaded hole in the center. They are designed to be paired with bolts. When a bolt is inserted through holes in two or more objects, a nut is screwed onto the threaded end of the bolt to hold the objects together.
When we talk about bolts and nuts, there are other hardware fasteners commonly used with them, namely screws and washers.
Washers are thin, flat discs which are used in conjunction with screws, bolts, or nuts to distribute the load of the fastener over a larger surface area and prevent damage to the surface being fastened. Washers also help prevent the loosening of the fastener over time by providing a smooth bearing surface and reducing friction.
Screws are similar to bolts but typically have a pointed tip and are designed to be inserted into a pre-drilled hole. Like bolts, screws have a threaded shaft and a head. Screws are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, electronics, and many other applications.
Bolts and nuts are fasteners that work together to hold objects in place. A bolt is inserted through aligned holes in the objects, and a nut is threaded onto the bolt&#;s end. Tightening the nut secures the objects.
Bolts and nuts are available in various materials, each with its own characteristics and suitability for different applications. Here are some common materials used for bolts and nuts:
Carbon steel: Affordable and versatile, carbon steel bolts and nuts are widely used in many applications. They offer good strength and moderate corrosion resistance but may rust over time if not protected.
Stainless steel: Known for its excellent corrosion resistance, stainless steel bolts and nuts are suitable for applications where resistance to rust and corrosion is essential. They are often used in outdoor and marine environments.
Brass bolts and nuts are corrosion-resistant and have good electrical conductivity. They are commonly used in electrical and plumbing applications where conductivity and corrosion resistance are important.
Aluminum bolts and nuts are lightweight and have good corrosion resistance. They are often used in applications where weight is a concern or where corrosion resistance is required, such as in aerospace and marine industries.
Titanium bolts and nuts are lightweight, strong, and highly corrosion-resistant. They are commonly used in aerospace, medical, and automotive applications where high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance are critical.
Copper bolts and nuts are known for their excellent electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. They are often used in electrical applications and in environments where corrosion resistance is essential.
Plastic bolts and nuts, such as those made from nylon or polyethylene, are lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and non-conductive. They are commonly used in applications where metal fasteners may cause corrosion or electrical conductivity issues, such as in electronics and plumbing.
When selecting the material for bolts and nuts, consider factors such as strength, corrosion resistance, conductivity, weight, and cost, as well as the specific requirements of your application. Choosing the right material will ensure that the bolts and nuts perform effectively and reliably in their intended environment.
The sizes of bolts and nuts vary based on different standards and measurements. Here are some references to help understand the sizes of bolts and nuts:
Understanding these size specifications is crucial for selecting the right bolts and nuts for various applications based on diameter, thread pitch, length, and other factors.
Nuts and bolts are threaded either coarsely or finely.
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In the industrial sector, various types of bolts are used to meet specific application requirements. Here are some common types of bolts found in industrial settings:
Bolts with Hex Heads
A hex bolt&#;s hexagonal head serves as a surface for grasping or twisting the bolt with a wrench, socket and ratchet, or drill/driver. Some hex bolts have threads that extend the whole length of the shank and are often used in threaded holes. They provide high grip strength because they distribute tension over the whole bolt. The thicker, unthreaded segment of a partially threaded bolt provides strength to the fastening process. Partially threaded hex bolts are also beneficial for operations that need more force to hold the workpieces together. Hex-head bolts are commonly used in construction and automotive applications.
Carriage Bolts
The domed head of a carriage bolt provides it with a smooth, polished appearance. It also adds a layer of safety and security since it does not have a driving surface like a hex-head bolt. Carriage bolts are fastened with washers and hex nuts after being inserted into pre-drilled holes. The nut is secured to the workpiece by a square area under the head, allowing you to attach it with a single wrench, socket, or driver bit. Carriage bolts are used in a wide range of applications, such as decks, furniture, and outdoor playsets.
Anchor Bolts
Anchor bolts are classified as either those meant for use in concrete foundations or those intended for use in a wall. L-bolts are intended for usage in wet concrete. While the concrete cures, the bolt is kept in place. L-bolts may be used to secure a deck post to a concrete pad. To secure retrofit anchor bolts in existing concrete, an adhesive is employed. When drilling into a wall stud is not possible, toggle bolts provide support for hanging things.
U-Bolts
U-bolts have two threaded shanks with a rounded or flattened appearance. Rounded U-bolts are used to secure pipe or conduit to a surface, while squared U-bolts are used to fasten things to a surface, such as a square post. The U-bolt is held in position against the item being secured by two nuts and a metal plate.
Eye bolts
Eye bolts have a loop or ring end and a threaded end for attaching a chain or rope to a wood, metal, or concrete surface. Eye bolts are designed to be used in pre-drilled holes and come with a matching nut. Screw eyes are similar in appearance but have coarser self-tapping threads and a pointed tip that enables them to be driven into a pilot hole in a woodwork item.
Stud Bolts
Stud bolts are threaded rods with threads on both ends, used to secure flanges together in piping systems or other applications where a nut is required on both ends of the bolt. They are commonly used in oil and gas, petrochemical, and power generation industries.
Lag Bolts
Lag bolts, also known as lag screws, have a coarse thread and a hexagonal head designed for use with a wrench or socket. They are used for securing heavy materials to wood, such as attaching lumber to concrete or wood-to-wood connections.
Tension Control Bolts
Tension control bolts feature a unique design with a spline section beneath the head and a cone-shaped washer. They are installed using a specialized wrench that breaks off the spline after reaching the proper tension, providing a reliable and controlled bolt preload. They are commonly used in structural steel connections.
Flange Bolts
Flange bolts have a washer-like flange under the head that distributes the load and provides a larger bearing surface. They are commonly used in automotive, plumbing, and machines.
In the industrial sector, there are various types of nuts used for fastening components together. Here are some common types of nuts:
Hexagon Nuts
Hex nuts have a six-sided driving surface. They are a common sort of nut used to connect wood and metal components with bolts of the same size and thread type.
Lock Nuts
Nylon lock nuts have a hexagonal head with an integrated nylon ring. When you tighten a lock nut onto a bolt, the threading of the bolt displaces or deforms the ring, causing friction and preventing loosening from slippage or vibration. A castle nut is a kind of locking nut that works by putting a pin or clip into a hole in the bolt. Rotation is restricted when notches etched into the nut come to rest on the pin.
Wing Nuts
Wing nuts are designed to be tightened and loosened without the need of tools; the wings allow you to tighten and loosen them with your thumb and finger. These nuts are used to make adjustments and removals quick and easy. They may be found on drum sets, light stands, and other items that need to be adjusted on a regular basis.
Cap Nuts
Cap nuts, sometimes known as acorn nuts, are domed and feature a hexagonal driving surface. They are often hand installable. They screw onto the exposed threads of a bolt or threaded rod to protect them and provide a decorative look. Cap nuts may be found in projects like outdoor playsets and fences.
Square Nuts
Square nuts have four flat sides and are designed to be used with square bolts or in channels or tracks where rotation prevention is required. They are commonly used in construction, machinery, and automotive applications.
These different types of nuts cater to specific performance advantages and application scenarios in various industries, ensuring secure fastening of components based on specific requirements and usage scenarios.
Choosing the right bolts and nuts for your project involves considering several factors, such as the material, size, thread type, strength, and environmental conditions. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you select the appropriate bolts and nuts:
By following these steps and considering the relevant factors, you can choose the right bolts and nuts for your project, ensuring a secure and reliable connection.
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