Is 304 stainless steel expensive?

09 Apr.,2024

 

Key Differences Between 304 and 316 Stainless Steel

At Ruvati, we pride ourselves on only selling the highest quality stainless steel. As something you use everyday, your sink should stand the test of time. Not only is every Ruvati sink made with a 16 gauge stainless steel, they are designed to fit their environment. Unique to Ruvati outdoor sinks, we use T-316 stainless steel for even further protection. To understand the difference between T-304 and T-316, we have outlined their identifying traits. 

Chemical Composition

When it comes to the chemical composition of 304 and 316 stainless steel, there are some key differences you’ll want to be aware of.

  1. Both 304 and 316 stainless steels are high in chromium and nickel which enhance their corrosion resistance. However, the proportions differ, affecting their mechanical properties.
  2. 304 stainless steel is an 18/8 steel, meaning it contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel.
  3. 316 stainless steel has slightly less chromium, but contains 10% nickel. It also has 2% molybdenum, which is not found in 304.
  4. This additional molybdenum gives 316 superior corrosion resistance in many environments.

Understanding these differences in chemical composition can help you make an informed decision when selecting the right stainless steel for your needs.

Corrosion Resistance

Building on the differences in their chemical compositions, let’s now examine how these variations between 304 and 316 stainless steel contribute to their respective corrosion resistance abilities. As chromium-nickel stainless steel types, both 304 and 316 offer decent corrosion resistance. However, the presence of molybdenum in 316 gives it superior corrosion resistance, particularly against chloride pitting. This makes it ideal for use in marine environments or chemical processing where contact with corrosive substances is high. On the other hand, 304, though it fair well in many applications, might not hold up as well under such severe conditions. Hence, understanding these key differences in corrosion resistance can guide you towards the best choice for your specific applications.

Cost Comparison

In evaluating the cost differences between 304 and 316 stainless steel, it’s essential to consider that 316 generally carries a price tag approximately 40% higher due to its increased nickel content and the addition of molybdenum.

However, when deciding which type to invest in, you must factor in more than just the initial cost. Consider these four key points: 1. The price difference can be justified by the enhanced durability and corrosion resistance of 316, particularly in harsh environments. 2. If your project has specific requirements for nickel content or the addition of molybdenum, 316 might be your best bet. 3. Review your budget constraints to ensure the higher cost of 316 can be accommodated. 4. Keep in mind that the long-term maintenance costs may be lower with 316 due to its superior quality.

Mechanical Properties

You’ll notice key differences in the mechanical properties between 304 and 316 stainless steel, which significantly influence their suitability for various applications. The 316 grade has a higher tensile strength and hardness, while the 304 grade is more flexible due to its lower modulus of elasticity.

SS TypeT-304T-316Tensile StrengthModerateHighHardnessModerateHighModulus of ElasticityHighLowerPhysical PropertiesExcellentSuperior

Understanding these mechanical properties is crucial when deciding which grade to use in manufacturing. If you need more strength and hardness, 316 is your go-to. However, if flexibility is key, then 304 might be more suitable. Always remember, the success of your innovation hinges on the right choice of materials.

What to Consider When Choosing Between 304 and 316

Navigating the decision between 304 and 316 stainless steel can be a complex task, as it involves considering various factors such as cost, corrosion resistance needs, and the specific requirements of your application. Both 304 and 316 offer robust features, but they are suited for different usage scenarios.

  1. Cost: 316 is typically more expensive than 304 due to its higher nickel content and the presence of molybdenum. Understand your budget and evaluate if the increased cost of 316 provides a significant advantage for your specific needs.
  2. Corrosion Resistance: If your application involves exposure to corrosive elements or high temperatures, 316’s superior corrosion resistance and strength could prove beneficial.
  3. Usage: 304 is commonly used in kitchen equipment and industrial applications, offering good corrosion resistance. Conversely, 316, with its enhanced properties, is ideal for applications like marine equipment and chemical processing.
  4. Long-term Savings: Though 316 may involve a higher initial investment, its superior durability can lead to long-term savings, especially in harsh operating conditions.

304 vs 316 Stainless Steel

304 VS 316

STAINLESS STEEL

Are you considering using 304 or 316 stainless steel for your next project? This age-old question is often posed by those in the field of construction, manufacturing, and even at-home DIYers. When making a choice between the two types of stainless steel, there are several factors to consider. From corrosion resistance and strength to aesthetic qualities and cost-effectiveness – this blog post will explore it all! Keep reading to discover which type of stainless steel is best suited for your application requirements.

Before we can compare 304-SS and 316-SS it is important to understand stainless steel.

What is Stainless Steel?

Stainless steel is an alloy composed of iron, chromium, and other elements such as nickel, molybdenum, and manganese. Due to its corrosion resistance and strength, stainless steel is an ideal material for many industrial and commercial applications.

Stainless Steel Benefits

  • Corrosion resistance
  • Strength and hardness. Many types of stainless steel have a higher tensile strength, general durability, and resilience than other common metals.
  • Temperature resistance, both high and low temperatures
  • Low maintenance compared to other types of metals
  • Brilliant shine that gives an elegant appearance

The two most common grades of stainless steel are 304 and 316.

What Makes 304 and 316 Stainless Steel So Popular?

304 and 316 stainless steel have a high level of chromium and nickel which gives them a strong resistance to heat, abrasion, and corrosion.

What is the Difference Between 304 and 316 Stainless Steel?

  • 304 SS contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel
  • 316 SS contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel, and 2% molybdenum
    316 stainless steel contains molybdenum, which is an alloy that drastically enhances corrosion resistance, especially for environments prone to rust. Additionally, 316 stainless steel has higher levels of chromium and nickel than 304 stainless steel, providing better resistance to corrosion and higher strength at elevated temperatures. Thus, making it an ideal choice for applications involving exposure to corrosive chemicals or saltwater.

Cost Differences

In addition to the differences in their physical properties, cost differences exist between 304 and 316 stainless steel. 316 stainless steel is generally more expensive than 304 stainless steel due to the additional elements it contains, particularly molybdenum. However, in certain applications where corrosion resistance, strength, and durability are critical factors, the added cost may be worth it to ensure that your materials hold up over time.

304 SS – A2 Stainless (General Purpose SS)

  • The most common of the stainless steel family
  • Austenitic, meaning ​​it is a solid solution of carbon in a non-magnetic form of iron. This means this grade of metal mesh is non-magnetic and exhibits poor thermal and electrical conductivity.
  • Increased corrosion resistance compared to regular steel
  • Resists organic chemicals
  • Impact-resistant
  • Enhanced aesthetic value
  • Easily recyclable
  • High durability and hardness
  • Excellent heat and cold resistance
  • More weldable and workable than other types of stainless steel
  • The most easily available and least expensive austenitic steel

316 SS – Marine Grade, A4 Stainless

  • Increased resistance to corrosion over 304.
  • Added 2-3% of molybdenum and increased nickel add corrosion resistance, therefore, is more costly.
  • Good strength at high temperatures
  • High durability and hardness
  • Excellent heat and cold resistance
  • Good resistance to pitting in chloride ion solutions
  • Effective in acidic environments
  • Enhanced long-term value

Which is Harder, 316 or 304?

The hardness of these alloys may differ slightly. Generally, 316 stainless steel is considered a slightly harder material than 304, which may be attributed to its higher nickel and molybdenum content. However, the difference in hardness is typically not significant, and both alloys are considered highly durable and tough.

Does Stainless Steel Rust?

Yes and no. Stainless steel can rust under certain conditions, but it is far more corrosion-resistant than most other metals. This is because stainless steel contains a high amount of chromium, which creates a thin, invisible layer of oxide on the surface of the metal that acts as a barrier against rust and corrosion. However, if this layer is compromised in any way, such as through scratches or exposure to harsh chemicals, rust can still occur.

Our Most Common Stainless Steel Products

SS Applications

Deciding Between 304 or 316 Stainless Steel for Your Application

When deciding between 304 and 316 it is important to consider the conditions where the product will be. 304 stainless steel is a versatile and affordable option that offers excellent corrosion resistance in normal atmospheric conditions, such as indoor or outdoor applications without exposure to harsh chemicals. On the other hand, 316 stainless steel is more corrosion-resistant and durable in extreme conditions, making it ideal for applications where exposure to harsh chemicals, saltwater, or chlorides is present.

Common Applications for 304 SS

  • Indoor electrical enclosures
  • Tanks and pressure vessels
  • Food processing equipment
  • Water piping
  • Chemical containers
  • Storage tanks
  • Tubing for equipment
  • Heat exchangers

Common Applications for 316 SS

  • Marine environments, where the high amount of molybdenum in the steel gives it additional resistance to saltwater corrosion and pitting.
  • Containers used to hold pressurized gasses or liquids
  • Chemical storage and manufacturing equipment
  • Chemical piping
  • Equipment for chemical storage and processing
  • High alkali & acid environments
  • Coastal regions
  • Oil and gas extraction equipment
  • Equipment used for industrial and chemical transportation
  • Pharmaceutical manufacturing
  • Refinery infrastructure

Three Benefits of Using 316 Stainless Steel Over 304 Stainless Steel

  1. Corrosion resistant properties
  2. Marine applications
  3. Lasting durability

Contact Us for All Your Stainless Steel Needs

Contact us today to learn more about our products and fabrication services.

We specialize in Wire Cloth, Perforated Metal, Expanded Metal, Bar Grating, Fiberglass Grating, Fencing Panels, Diamond Safety Grating, Perf Safety Grating, Tread Grip, and Hex Metal.

Is 304 stainless steel expensive?

304 vs 316 Stainless Steel

Contact us to discuss your requirements of Moly-Reo Alloy, Molybdenum Bar, Molybdenum-Lanthanum Alloy. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.