What is Graphite Electrode?
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Graphite electrode refers to a kind of resistant electrode made of petroleum coke and pitch coke as aggregates and coal pitch as binder. It is made by calcining raw materials, crushing and grinding, batching, kneading, shaping, roasting, impregnation, graphitization and mechanical processing. High temperature graphite conductive material.
Graphite electrodes can conduct electricity and generate electricity to melt scrap iron or other raw materials in blast furnaces to produce steel and other metal products. They are mainly used to make steel. Graphite electrodes are the only material with low resistivity that can withstand thermal gradients within an electric arc furnace. It is mainly used for steelmaking, as well as smelting yellow phosphorus, industrial silicon, abrasives, etc. It is a conductor that releases electric energy in an arc form to heat and melt the charge in the electric furnace.
Hebei Heyuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd - Graphite Electrode Direct Supplier
What Grades Does Graphite Electrode Divided into?
Graphite electrodes can be divided into three types: Ordinary Power Graphite Electrode (RP), High Power Graphite Electrode (HP) and Ultra High Power Graphite Electrode (UHP) according to their quality indicators. Compared with the global ultra-high power graphite electrode market, Chinese standard ultra-high power graphite electrodes with a relatively lower performance level (can withstand current intensities of 20 amperes per square centimeter to 25 amperes per square centimeter) are widely recognized by electric arc furnace steel manufacturers .
In , China's standard ultra-high power graphite electrode production accounted for 37.6%, making it the type of graphite electrode with the highest production volume in China. However, some electric arc furnace steel manufacturers, such as stainless steel manufacturers, have very high requirements for Chinese standard ultra-high power graphite electrodes, including physical and chemical indicators such as density, resistivity, and ash content. Only a few manufacturers in China can produce the ultra-high-power graphite electrodes used in the electric arc furnaces of these electric arc furnace steel manufacturers, and their output accounts for 11.4%, which is the type of graphite electrodes that accounts for the smallest output in China.
1. Ordinary Power Graphite Electrodes(RP) are produced from ordinary grade petroleum coke. They have low graphitization temperature, high resistivity, large linear expansion coefficient, and poor thermal shock resistance, so the allowable current density is low.
Hebei Heyuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd - Graphite Electrode Direct Supplier
2. High-power Graphite Electrodes(HP) are produced with high-quality petroleum coke (or low-level needle coke). Sometimes the electrode body needs to be impregnated. Its physical and mechanical properties are higher than those of ordinary power graphite electrodes. If the resistivity is low, a larger allowable current density.
Hebei Heyuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd - Graphite Electrode Direct Supplier
3. Ultra-high Power Graphite Electrodes(UHP) must be produced using high-grade needle coke, and their graphitization heat treatment must be carried out in an in-line graphitization furnace. The graphitization temperature is as high as ~ °C, so the resistivity is lower and is allowed to pass Greater current density, smaller linear expansion coefficient, and excellent thermal shock resistance
Hebei Heyuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd - Graphite Electrode Direct Supplier
In practical applications, these three grades are widely used. It plays an indispensable role in metallurgy, chemical industry, electric power, glass industry, semiconductor industry and other fields.
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Graphite electrodes are crucial components in electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production, used to conduct electrical energy to generate the high temperatures required to melt scrap steel and produce new steel. These electrodes come in various grades, each designed to meet specific requirements and performance criteria in the steelmaking process. The primary grades of
are:
Usage: Suitable for use in regular power arc furnaces that operate at lower current densities.
Characteristics: These electrodes have a relatively lower density and mechanical strength. They are typically used in environments where the demands on the electrode are not as intense.
Usage: Designed for high-power arc furnaces that operate at higher current densities than regular power furnaces.
Characteristics: They possess higher density and mechanical strength compared to RP electrodes, allowing them to handle higher electrical currents and more intense thermal and mechanical stress.
Usage: Intended for ultra-high power arc furnaces that operate at very high current densities.
Characteristics: These electrodes have the highest density and mechanical strength among the three grades. They are capable of withstanding the most extreme conditions in steel production, including very high temperatures and electrical currents. UHP electrodes are essential for producing high-quality steel efficiently and effectively.
The higher the grade, the higher the current density the electrode can handle.
UHP electrodes are designed to endure the highest levels of thermal and mechanical stress.
Higher grades of electrodes have better purity levels, which helps in reducing contamination in the steel produced.
The choice of electrode grade depends on various factors, including the specific requirements of the steelmaking process, the type of furnace, and economic considerations. Higher-grade electrodes, such as UHP, are generally used in more demanding applications where efficiency and steel quality are critical, while lower grades, such as RP, are used in less demanding environments.
In summary, the grade of graphite electrodes is a key factor in their performance and suitability for different types of steelmaking operations, with each grade offering unique properties tailored to specific industrial needs.
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