High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is one of the most widely used plastics in the world. It is a thermoplastic resin that is made from the polymerization of ethylene in gas phase, slurry, or solution reactors. HDPE has a linear polymer chain with few branches and contains smaller amounts of comonomers such as butene, hexene, or octene.
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HDPE extrusion compounds are HDPE resins that are specially formulated for various extrusion processes, such as extrusion blow molding, injection molding, and rotational molding. HDPE extrusion compounds have excellent properties, such as:
HDPE extrusion compounds are used for a wide range of applications, such as:
In this blog post, we will explore how HDPE extrusion compounds can benefit your business and why you should choose them for your next project.
One of the main benefits of HDPE extrusion compounds is that they can save you money in the long run. HDPE extrusion compounds have a low cost per unit weight compared to other plastics and metals. They also have a high yield and low scrap rate, which means you can produce more products with less material and waste.
HDPE extrusion compounds also have a low energy consumption and carbon footprint, which means you can reduce your environmental impact and save on energy bills. HDPE extrusion compounds are also recyclable, which means you can reuse them for new products or sell them to recycling companies.
Another benefit of HDPE extrusion compounds is that they can improve your product quality and performance. HDPE extrusion compounds have a high molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution, which means they have a consistent and uniform quality and behavior. They also have a high melt strength and stability, which means they can withstand high temperatures and pressures during extrusion.
HDPE extrusion compounds also have a high resistance to stress cracking, which means they can endure repeated bending, twisting, and stretching without breaking. They also have a high resistance to UV radiation, oxidation, and chemicals, which means they can maintain their color, shape, and function for a long time.
A third benefit of HDPE extrusion compounds is that they can expand your market opportunities and customer base. HDPE extrusion compounds have a wide range of applications and industries, which means you can diversify your product portfolio and reach new customers. You can also customize your HDPE extrusion compounds to meet specific customer needs and preferences, such as adding colors, additives, or fillers.
HDPE extrusion compounds also have a high demand and growth potential, especially in emerging markets such as Asia, Africa, and Latin America. According to a report by Grand View Research, the global HDPE market size was valued at USD 70.4 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.6% from 2021 to 2028.
Now that you know the benefits of HDPE extrusion compounds, you might be wondering how to choose the right one for your project. There are many factors to consider, such as:
HDPE extrusion compounds are a great choice for your business if you are looking for a cost-effective, high-quality, and versatile material for your extrusion products. HDPE extrusion compounds can save you money, improve your product quality, and expand your market opportunities. To choose the right HDPE extrusion compound for your project, you need to consider the type of extrusion process, the properties and specifications of the compound, the application and end-use of the product, and the standards and regulations of the industry and market.
If you want to learn more about HDPE extrusion compounds and how they can benefit your business, contact us today. We are a leading supplier of HDPE extrusion compounds and we can help you with your next project. We have a wide range of HDPE extrusion compounds for various applications and industries, and we can customize them to meet your specific needs and preferences. We also offer competitive prices, fast delivery, and excellent customer service. Don’t hesitate to reach out to us and get a free quote for your HDPE extrusion compound project.
polyethylene (PE) , light, versatile synthetic resin made from the polymerization of ethylene . Polyethylene is a member of the important family of polyolefin resins. It is the most widely used plastic in the world, being made into products ranging from clear food wrap and shopping bags to detergent bottles and automobile fuel tanks. It can also be slit or spun into synthetic fibres or modified to take on the elastic properties of a rubber .
The basic polyethylene composition can be modified by the inclusion of other elements or chemical groups, as in the case of chlorinated and chlorosulfonated polyethylene. In addition, ethylene can be copolymerized with other monomers such as vinyl acetate or propylene to produce a number of ethylene copolymers. All of these variants are described below.
This simple structure, repeated thousands of times in a single molecule, is the key to the properties of polyethylene. The long, chainlike molecules, in which hydrogen atoms are connected to a carbon backbone, can be produced in linear or branched forms. Branched versions are known as low-density polyethylene (LDPE) or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE); linear versions are known as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE).
Ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) is a gaseous hydrocarbon commonly produced by the cracking of ethane , which in turn is a major constituent of natural gas or can be distilled from petroleum . Ethylene molecules are essentially composed of two methylene units (CH 2 ) linked together by a double bond between the carbon atoms—a structure represented by the formula CH 2 =CH 2 . Under the influence of polymerization catalysts , the double bond can be broken and the resultant extra single bond used to link to a carbon atom in another ethylene molecule. Thus, made into the repeating unit of a large, polymeric (multiple-unit) molecule, ethylene has the following chemical structure: .
Low-density polyethylene was first produced in 1933 in England by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd. (ICI) during studies of the effects of extremely high pressures on the polymerization of polyethylene. ICI was granted a patent on its process in 1937 and began commercial production in 1939. It was first used during World War II as an insulator for radar cables.
LDPE is prepared from gaseous ethylene under very high pressures (up to about 350 megapascals, or 50,000 pounds per square inch) and high temperatures (up to about 350 °C [660 °F]) in the presence of oxide initiators. These processes yield a polymer structure with both long and short branches. Because the branches prevent the polyethylene molecules from packing closely together in hard, stiff, crystalline arrangements, LDPE is a very flexible material. Its melting point is approximately 110 °C (230 °F). Principal uses are in packaging film, trash and grocery bags, agricultural mulch, wire and cable insulation, squeeze bottles, toys, and housewares. The plastic recycling code of LDPE is #4.
Linear low-density polyethyleneLLDPE is structurally similar to LDPE. It is made by copolymerizing ethylene with 1-butene and smaller amounts of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using Ziegler-Natta or metallocene catalysts. The resultant structure has a linear backbone, but it has short, uniform branches that, like the longer branches of LDPE, prevent the polymer chains from packing closely together. Overall, LLDPE has similar properties to LDPE and competes for the same markets. The main advantages of LLDPE are that the polymerization conditions are less energy-intensive and that the polymer’s properties may be altered by varying the type and amount of its chemical ingredients. The plastic recycling code of LLDPE is #4.
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High-density polyethylene high-density polyethyleneThe linear form of polyethylene, known as high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
HDPE is manufactured at low temperatures and pressures, using Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts or activated chromium oxide (known as a Phillips catalyst). The lack of branches in its structure allows the polymer chains to pack closely together, resulting in a dense, highly crystalline material of high strength and moderate stiffness. With a melting point more than 20 °C (36 °F) higher than LDPE, it can withstand repeated exposure to 120 °C (250 °F) so that it can be sterilized. Products include blow-molded bottles for milk and household cleaners; blow-extruded grocery bags, construction film, and agricultural mulch; and injection-molded pails, caps, appliance housings, and toys. The plastic recycling code number of HDPE is #2.
Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethyleneLinear polyethylene can be produced in ultrahigh-molecular-weight versions, with molecular weights of 3,000,000 to 6,000,000 atomic units, as opposed to 500,000 atomic units for HDPE. These polymers can be spun into fibres and then drawn, or stretched, into a highly crystalline state, resulting in high stiffness and a tensile strength many times that of steel. Yarns made from these fibres are woven into bulletproof vests.
Ethylene can be copolymerized with a number of other compounds. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), for instance, is produced by the copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate under pressure, using free-radical catalysts. Many different grades are manufactured, with the vinyl acetate content varying from 5 to 50 percent by weight. EVA copolymers are more permeable to gases and moisture than polyethylene, but they are less crystalline and more transparent, and they exhibit better oil and grease resistance. Principal uses are in packaging film, adhesives, toys, tubing, gaskets, wire coatings, drum liners, and carpet backing.
Ethylene-acrylic acid and ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers are prepared by suspension or emulsion polymerization, using free-radical catalysts. The acrylic acid and methacrylic acid repeating units, making up 5 to 20 percent of the copolymers, have the following structures:
The acidic carboxyl (CO2H) groups in these units are neutralized with bases to form highly polar ionic groups distributed along the polyethylene chains. These groups, drawn together by their electric charge, cluster together in “microdomains,” stiffening and toughening the plastic without destroying its ability to be molded to permanent shapes. (Ionic polymers of this type are called ionomers.) The ethylene-acrylic acid and ethylene-methacrylic acid ionomers are transparent, semicrystalline, and impervious to moisture. They are employed in automotive parts, packaging film, footwear, surface coatings, and carpet backing. One prominent ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer is Surlyn, which is made into hard, tough, abrasion-resistant golf-ball covers. Other important ethylene copolymers are the ethylene-propylene copolymers.
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The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica